Entering business events at time and place the business event occurs
Computer input device used to enter data at source at time of business event
Merging Step 1 & 2 of Automated Manual System
Input/Source document is eliminated
Price data is retrieved from the system
Source documents are printed by the system
Event information in accumulated on tape or disk
On-line Real-time Systems
On-line Real-time Systems function by feeding output information back into the system as input information. These systems are comprised of three sub-processes, which are oultined in the following example of an airline reservations and flight seat inventory control system:
Passenger creates airline reservation and selects flight seats through airline website such as Delta.
Delta's master data system is immediately updated and the passenger's selected seats are removed from available inventory on that particular flight.
Delta Reservations Agents around the world are now aware of the reduction in inventory of available seats and space left for subsequent travelers requesting seats on that particular flight.
Are interactive systems that are computer based and aid users in activities that are choice and judgment orientated. Used to enhance decision making capability.
DSSs provide both data storage and retrieval capability but in a much more enhanced way that allows for model building and model-based reasoning
The three components of DSSs are:
DMBS (Database Management System) - Storage and Retrieval feature of the DSS
MBMS (Model-Base Management System) - turns the DMBS data into useful information (model building)
DGMS (Dialog Generations and Management System) - "user interface" basically this is the feature for non computer people to interact with the DSS on a friendly and understandable level
Strategic Planning Systems
A spreadsheet comparing actual figures to budgeted figures to help identify variances
Is a planning system used by up management to take a look at the broader business environment. This type of planning involves consideration of market considerations, customer behavior, and competition. The decisions made durring this process are usually longer term decisions. These systems are not computerized, they are carried out by people using information from many sources, internal & external.
A computer program that reasons and uses knowledge to solve complex problems. Often used interchangeably with "expert systems"; however "expert systems" are a sub system of knowledge-based system.
Transaction processing systems or operational systems help carry out the details of an organization’s day-to-day work. An example of a Transaction processing system is a labor time-recording system. The employee’s time is input daily into the system (data is captured), charge numbers are verified, and validated transactions are stored. Transaction reports can be generated and the data can move to other systems (such as a decision support system and strategic planning system since the transaction processing system creates the data required by the higher-level systems).
An expert system is software that uses human knowledge and expertise for solving a problem. Expert Systems use a subset of artificial intelligence.They can use a knowledge base which uses subject matter to capture a subject matter, knowledge engineering, or problem solving. Expert systems can have learning capabilities.
Edward Feigenbaum is known as the father of expert systems.
IBM's Deep Blue chess playing computer (although I'm not sure it was built to explain its chosen or non-chosen options)
IBM's Watson computer from Jeopardy: it analyzed key words in the answer and narrowed the field down to three possible answers, and if the probability of an answer exceeded a certain threshold the computer would ring in and answer.
Table of Contents
On-line Systems
Entering business events at time and place the business event occursOn-line Real-time Systems
On-line Real-time Systems function by feeding output information back into the system as input information. These systems are comprised of three sub-processes, which are oultined in the following example of an airline reservations and flight seat inventory control system:Decision Support Systems
- Are interactive systems that are computer based and aid users in activities that are choice and judgment orientated. Used to enhance decision making capability.
- DSSs provide both data storage and retrieval capability but in a much more enhanced way that allows for model building and model-based reasoning
- The three components of DSSs are:
- DMBS (Database Management System) - Storage and Retrieval feature of the DSS
- MBMS (Model-Base Management System) - turns the DMBS data into useful information (model building)
- DGMS (Dialog Generations and Management System) - "user interface" basically this is the feature for non computer people to interact with the DSS on a friendly and understandable level
Strategic Planning SystemsKnowledge-Based Systems
**Transaction Processing Systems**
Expert Systems
An expert system is software that uses human knowledge and expertise for solving a problem. Expert Systems use a subset of artificial intelligence.They can use a knowledge base which uses subject matter to capture a subject matter, knowledge engineering, or problem solving. Expert systems can have learning capabilities.Edward Feigenbaum is known as the father of expert systems.
References